[
  {
    "country": "United States",
    "region": "Most states",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-08",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "Arizona (except Navajo) & Hawaii do not observe DST",
    "timezone_summer": "EDT/CDT/MDT/PDT",
    "timezone_winter": "EST/CST/MST/PST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-4/-5/-6/-7",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-5/-6/-7/-8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Canada",
    "region": "Most provinces",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-08",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "Saskatchewan (most) stays on CST year-round",
    "timezone_summer": "EDT/CDT/MDT/PDT",
    "timezone_winter": "EST/CST/MST/PST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-4/-5/-6/-7",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-5/-6/-7/-8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Mexico",
    "region": "Most states",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-04-05",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "Sonora, Quintana Roo, Baja California Sur do not observe DST",
    "timezone_summer": "CDT/MDT/PDT",
    "timezone_winter": "CST/MST/PST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-5/-6/-7",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-6/-7/-8"
  },
  {
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "01:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "GMT -> BST",
    "timezone_summer": "BST",
    "timezone_winter": "GMT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+1",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+0"
  },
  {
    "country": "Ireland",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "01:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "GMT -> IST",
    "timezone_summer": "IST",
    "timezone_winter": "GMT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+1",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+0"
  },
  {
    "country": "European Union",
    "region": "All member states",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "01:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "CET -> CEST / EET -> EEST",
    "timezone_summer": "CEST/EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "CET/EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2/+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+1/+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Australia",
    "region": "NSW, VIC, SA, TAS, ACT",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-10-04",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-04-05",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere: spring forward in Oct, fall back in Apr",
    "timezone_summer": "AEDT/ACDT",
    "timezone_winter": "AEST/ACST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+11/+10:30",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+10/+9:30"
  },
  {
    "country": "Australia",
    "region": "QLD, NT, WA",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "Do not observe DST",
    "timezone_summer": "AEST/ACST/AWST",
    "timezone_winter": "AEST/ACST/AWST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+10/+9:30/+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+10/+9:30/+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "New Zealand",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-09-27",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-04-05",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere",
    "timezone_summer": "NZDT",
    "timezone_winter": "NZST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+13",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+12"
  },
  {
    "country": "Chile",
    "region": "Continental",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-09-06",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-04-04",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere",
    "timezone_summer": "CLST",
    "timezone_winter": "CLT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-4"
  },
  {
    "country": "Paraguay",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-10-04",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-03-28",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere",
    "timezone_summer": "PYST",
    "timezone_winter": "PYT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-4"
  },
  {
    "country": "Brazil",
    "region": "Most states",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "Abolished DST in 2019",
    "timezone_summer": "BRT",
    "timezone_winter": "BRT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-3"
  },
  {
    "country": "Argentina",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "Abolished DST in 2009",
    "timezone_summer": "ART",
    "timezone_winter": "ART",
    "utc_offset_summer": "-3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "-3"
  },
  {
    "country": "South Africa",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "Does not observe DST",
    "timezone_summer": "SAST",
    "timezone_winter": "SAST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Egypt",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-04-24",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-30",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "notes": "Reinstated DST in 2023",
    "timezone_summer": "EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Israel",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-27",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "IDT/IST",
    "timezone_summer": "IDT",
    "timezone_winter": "IST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Lebanon",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-28",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-24",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "notes": "EEST/EET",
    "timezone_summer": "EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Jordan",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-02-26",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-30",
      "time_local": "01:00"
    },
    "notes": "EEST/EET",
    "timezone_summer": "EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Syria",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-27",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-30",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "notes": "EEST/EET",
    "timezone_summer": "EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Iran",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-20",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-09-21",
      "time_local": "00:00"
    },
    "notes": "IRDT/IRST (Nowruz-based)",
    "timezone_summer": "IRDT",
    "timezone_winter": "IRST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+4:30",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+3:30"
  },
  {
    "country": "Afghanistan",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST",
    "timezone_summer": "AFT",
    "timezone_winter": "AFT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+4:30",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+4:30"
  },
  {
    "country": "India",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (IST year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "IST",
    "timezone_winter": "IST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+5:30",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+5:30"
  },
  {
    "country": "China",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (CST year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "CST",
    "timezone_winter": "CST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Japan",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (JST year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "JST",
    "timezone_winter": "JST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+9",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+9"
  },
  {
    "country": "South Korea",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (KST year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "KST",
    "timezone_winter": "KST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+9",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+9"
  },
  {
    "country": "Singapore",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (SGT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "SGT",
    "timezone_winter": "SGT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Hong Kong",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (HKT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "HKT",
    "timezone_winter": "HKT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Taiwan",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (CST year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "CST",
    "timezone_winter": "CST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Philippines",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (PHT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "PHT",
    "timezone_winter": "PHT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Indonesia",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (WIB/WITA/WIT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "WIB/WITA/WIT",
    "timezone_winter": "WIB/WITA/WIT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+7/+8/+9",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+7/+8/+9"
  },
  {
    "country": "Thailand",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (ICT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "ICT",
    "timezone_winter": "ICT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+7",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+7"
  },
  {
    "country": "Vietnam",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (ICT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "ICT",
    "timezone_winter": "ICT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+7",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+7"
  },
  {
    "country": "Malaysia",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (MYT year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "MYT",
    "timezone_winter": "MYT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+8",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+8"
  },
  {
    "country": "Russia",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "Abolished DST 2014, permanent winter time",
    "timezone_summer": "MSK+0..+11",
    "timezone_winter": "MSK+0..+11",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2 to +12",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2 to +12"
  },
  {
    "country": "Turkey",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "Abolished DST 2016, permanent UTC+3",
    "timezone_summer": "TRT",
    "timezone_winter": "TRT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+3"
  },
  {
    "country": "Ukraine",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "04:00"
    },
    "notes": "EET -> EEST",
    "timezone_summer": "EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Belarus",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST since 2011",
    "timezone_summer": "MSK",
    "timezone_winter": "MSK",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+3"
  },
  {
    "country": "Moldova",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "EET -> EEST",
    "timezone_summer": "EEST",
    "timezone_winter": "EET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+3",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+2"
  },
  {
    "country": "Norway",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "CET -> CEST",
    "timezone_summer": "CEST",
    "timezone_winter": "CET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+1"
  },
  {
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "CET -> CEST",
    "timezone_summer": "CEST",
    "timezone_winter": "CET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+1"
  },
  {
    "country": "Serbia",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-29",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-10-25",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "CET -> CEST",
    "timezone_summer": "CEST",
    "timezone_winter": "CET",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+1"
  },
  {
    "country": "Morocco",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-03-08",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "Ramadan exception may apply",
    "timezone_summer": "+1",
    "timezone_winter": "+0",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+1",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+0"
  },
  {
    "country": "Namibia",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-09-06",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-04-05",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere",
    "timezone_summer": "WAST",
    "timezone_winter": "WAT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+2",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+1"
  },
  {
    "country": "Fiji",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "time_local": "02:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-01-18",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere",
    "timezone_summer": "FJST",
    "timezone_winter": "FJT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+13",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+12"
  },
  {
    "country": "Samoa",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": {
      "date": "2026-09-27",
      "time_local": "03:00"
    },
    "fall_back": {
      "date": "2026-04-05",
      "time_local": "04:00"
    },
    "notes": "Southern hemisphere",
    "timezone_summer": "WSDT",
    "timezone_winter": "WST",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+14",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+13"
  },
  {
    "country": "Tonga",
    "region": "All",
    "spring_forward": null,
    "fall_back": null,
    "notes": "No DST (UTC+13 year-round)",
    "timezone_summer": "TOT",
    "timezone_winter": "TOT",
    "utc_offset_summer": "+13",
    "utc_offset_winter": "+13"
  }
]